In common law countries, law students take a bar exam in a reasonably short time after graduating from the law school. The bar exam allows them to practice law, to be member of the bar. A newly graduated law student may start his/her carrier as a legal counsel the day after being admitted to the bar.
The situation in a civil law jurisdiction is different. In most countries, newly graduated lawyers are required to spend a number of years as trainees with attorneys already having an established practice to get insight into the mysteries of the legal profession.
Therefore, may I suggest that you be very careful with the translation of the term "bar exam" because they simply have different meanings in different jurisdictions.
